删除完后,执行sudo apt-get update即可,这时就可以正常安装软件了。 参考解决办法链接: 14.04消息’E:dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run’dpkg配置’to correct the problem.’.
There comes a time when you want to execute a command with root privileges but you don’t want to enter root password again and again. May be you want to allow a user to be able to execute one particular command but can’t share root password or some command needs to be executed on boot but requires root.sounds familiar? Keep reading.The kind of approach we will be using is very often frowned upon. Mainly because it beats the purpose of sudo i.e. Allowing only privileged users to execute certain commands. It is also looked upon as security breach, but you are fine if you know what you are doing.You can run sudo command without password on linux by modifying /etc/sudoers file which maintains – which user can execute what. Before editing this file, lets take a backup – just in case – it gets messed up.
Ayushhgoyal@linuxstall:$ sudo visudoFor example, if we want user “ayush” to be able to execute, say, “visudo” without asking for password then we will have to append following line in sudoers file in the end. Ayush ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/visudoThis needs to be added at the very last of sudoers file because if there are matching entries then last line will override all previous occurrences.This is how my sudoers looks after editing:Now, user “ayush” won’t be prompted to enter password while executing “sudo visudo”.You can replace your own username and command(s) you want to execute without entering root password: username ALL = NOPASSWD: commandThis can be extended for multiple commands by comma separating them. You may be struggling with the recent switch to Ubuntu 14.04 or simple Unity is not what you expected it to be. Not having a taskbar to put minimized windows is what I missed the most when I made the switch. And, I know I am not the only one. So, here we will go through steps for how to install a taskbar in Ubuntu 14.04.Tint2 is the tool we will be installing which brings back a feel of taskbar to Ubuntu 14.04. After installing, we will add it in “startup applications” so that you don’t have to start it by yourself everytime you boot.Launch your terminal by pressing Ctrl + Alt + T or whichever way you like.
Type in following command and hit “Enter”. Ayushhgoyal@linuxstall:$ sudo apt-get install tint2Enter your password when prompted.After displaying installation progress, you will be prompted “Do you want to continue? Y/n ” press “y” and hit “Enter”.You have successfully installed tint2. Now we need to add it to startup applications.Click “Search” button, first one on Unity bar OR hit “Super” key (the one with Windows sign on a Windows machine).Start typing “Startup app” in search area, items matching the search query will display below the search area. When “Startup Applications” tool is there, click to open it.On “Startup Applications Preferences” window click “Add” to add our application (here tint2) to startup applications.In “Add Startup Dialog” enter name of application of your choice (here “Taskbar”), enter command precisely “tint2” and enter comment of your choice (here “My Taskbar”).
Click “Add”.Now you can close the “Startup Applications Preferences” window.Please Logout and Login again for changes to take effect. Restart is not required. Learn Linux OnlineI don’t have to brag on wonderfulness of Linux.
As the use of Linux based operating systems in industry is increasing exponentially that it has definitely become a ‘need’ for the IT personnel now. Market needs Linux experts much more than they actually exist. Talking of statistics, growth of demand for good Linux developers is at 31 percent!Those who want to encash the opportunity, can choose to start learning Linux with few websites which are considered best at what they are doing. Following is the list of such websites: 1. PaulPaulito.comhas not been there for a long time but looks promising so far. This Netherlands based website is offering training videos in English as well as Spanish and German. The organization running this website is a Linux Professional Institute (LPI) approved training partner.
The courses are designed in a way that they help in preparation of LPI certification Exams. It also offers practice exams.
This website is not free, costs about 67 USD per month. LPI partnersis a certification organization has its training partners all over the world. The site of LPI itself can be used to look up a training partner around your location. Red HatRed Hat has its own training and certification programmes. Most of the courses offered by Red hat are targeted at Red Hat Enterprise Linux, being a Linux vendor has its own advantages.
Online courses consists of Red Hat System Administration and Red Hat Linux Troubleshooting, fees starts from $1400. BeginLinux.comprovides a variety of courses mainly focused on CentOS Server, Ubuntu Server and Apache Security. Plans start from 95.95$. The Linux FoundationVariety of online training courses are provided. Classroom programmes are also available. Embedded Linux, the Linux Kernel, Open source Compliance are some courses to name a few of all that are included in offered courses.
Advanced tools are used in delivering the course such as live Java-based virtual collaboration and Live audio conference bridge. You can use their search tool to find the course which can fit your need. Prices starting from $2750. CanonicalIf you are interested in learning with Ubuntu, can serve you with huge number of courses listed in their training section. IBMIBM has its own set of Linux courses. The price for its Linux training classes start at $675. LinuxCertifiedis known to provide onsite training facilities along with distance learning options.
You can opt for this at $99. Novell OpenCourseWareprovides free training with no registration overhead. The courses are training modules which help in better understanding of their product just like canonical and IBM. The Virtual Training CompanyA wide range of Linux Tutorials are available with.
Some content is kept free as well. The tutorials provided are either in Flash or QuickTime format. A user can get a chance to browse though 900 course on the site with a price tag of $30 on it.These are the few sources which know what they are doing, there exist a lot more than these. We at LinuxStall also try to help you in getting comfortable with Linux. If you wish to add more sources to this list, we have our comment section open.
We all must have heard about defragmenting our hard drives to speed up performance. Sound of that similar to windows users but we don’t have any defragment utility, hell, we don’t need to defragment! And why is that? Lets find out-I remember when I was new to Linux, a friend of mine came with a hard disk and asked me to defragment it (yeah, we all have faced it). It was easy in windows, how hard it could be in Linux? I connected the spare bus to his hard disk and then started a mission to defragment via Linux.
I can’t stress this enough that I was new to Linux and didn’t know much about how things work. After trying every bit I knew, looked up the mighty google and it came like a bolt from the blue- NO DEFRAGMENTATION NEEDED IN LINUX. What do you mean by fragmentation of hard disk?I’ll cover it in as short as possible; your hard disk is divided into sectors. These sectors are capable of storing small pieces of data. So, when the size of file is more than size of a sector then the file is saved over multiple sectors, as simple as that. As the new file comes, it is saved next to previous sector.
But, when the size of first file increases, it might not find free sectors near original file so it will be saved few sectors apart, this goes on and on. While reading this file, the head will have to skip physical locations which ultimately will make things slower. Defragmentation is the process in which file is put back in continuous fashion so that there is no skipping of sectors.Note: Defragmenting is not recommended for SSD drives. They have a different theory, doing so will reduce their life. How it works in case of Linux?Linux’s file systems deal with fragmentation in an intelligent way.
Instead of placing files next to each other, it keeps a lot of space between the sectors of two files therefore leaving space for these files to grow. This keeps fragmentation far away, yet not impossible. Even if there are fragments, file system attempts to move the files thereby reducing the fragmentation. The system is designed to avoid fragmentation in normal use. You might face some fragmentation when your space fills up, may be 80% or 90%.
The more suitable method to deal with it is to get a new hard drive with more space else you can copy your files to other drive, delete original files and then copy them back- they will be arranged automatically. First advantage over Windows which every one claims is, Linux is free from virus so it doesn’t need any antivirusWRONG!Don’t live in a ‘fool’s paradise’, they also have Linux in their sights!Only problem is, there are so many distros, they don’t know where to startlol!Jokes apart, Linux antivirus products do exist, its just that the number is far too low when compared to those of Windows. Have a look at few major reasons behind this:. Why would a virus writer spend a considerable amount of time is writing a virus which no one (read: less) would notice? Attention is all they want. Since the major market share is acquired by Windows users so it is the first choice to hit upon. In comparison to Linux users, windows users are more prone to committing mistakes and allowing virus to damage their systems.
This is quite debatable but it’s true that Windows has more exploitable security loop holes. If a loop hole is discovered in Linux, it is patched before anyone notices. The code is analyzed and updated by a large number of programmers due to its open source nature, in comparison to windows.It would not be correct to say Linux machines are never infected; they are vulnerable to “rootkit”. Rootkits allow attacker to get top level access to victim’s machine and have full control and during attack user is never alerted about this.
Rootkit can spy or modify data and even run applications in background. Some other threats to Linux machines are poisoned DNS entries, spam gateways, backdoor botnets, etc.You can have a look over the list of viruses here.
Vastness of open source can leave anyone in confusion. Whether it is distro hunting or phrases that are used to explain related concepts. The one which annoys every single beginner is that Open source is said to distribute free software, so far so good, but what exactly we mean by free? Free as is Beer or Free as in Speech?
Keep reading.The difference can be narrowed down to “no money” versus “no restrictions (or a bit of them)”. In English, free is often mistaken for both the meanings but in Spanish they have different words for them, Gratis and Libre. Free as in Beer (Gratis)Java from Oracle is a product which is free as in beer. When you are offered a beer, you are not supposed to pay for it but enjoy.
The ‘body’ giving away pays for it and everyone enjoys it at no cost.Java from Oracle is available free of cost for everyone but restricts users from getting even a glimpse of source code. Hence, users are also deprived of the liberty of modifying the code. Speaking of that, none of distributing publicly and submitting bug fixes is available. The decision of What/When/How you get the “beer” is made by the “giver”.
Free as in Speech (libre)In addition to facility of getting the software for free, the air of liberty comes in. The liberty in “libre” is more than you get in “gratis”. Following are the rights you have in software which are Free as in Speech:♦ You can use it anyway you want. They don’t care if the software was made for computer you are running it on mobile device. More the merrier!♦ You can easily see the internal working of the software. Users want to know the secret ingredients in their favourite beer but are deprived of this pleasure in case of free beer.♦ Sharing is caring!
After using and falling in love with the software, one would definitely want to share it and libre allows him to do that without violating any law. Distribute it publicly whether by packaging it with your software or provide a mirror, etc.♦ You can be a part of the development process. If you find a bug and a fix to it, you can submit it so that community benefits from it. After all it is all about giving away. CentOS and Ubuntu both are Linux distros. Below are some major differences between them.1. CentOS is based on RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux), while Ubuntu has its roots in Debian.2.
On an Ubuntu system the root password is randomly generated which is not known to the administrator. You will have to use ‘sudo command’ to get root-privileges.3. Repositories of Ubuntu contain fresher packages than CentOS, it tends to be less conservative than CentOS, whereas CentOS packages focuses only on security patches.4.
CentOS uses YUM package manager with RPM packages whereas Ubuntu uses apt with DEB packages.5. Ubuntu cleanly upgrades between major versions, CentOS is not so good to do that (needs a reinstall often). via: Know some more differences? Please put them in the comment box, I will add them in the post.Recommended reading: ““. WITH GREAT POWER COMES GREAT RESPONSIBILITY!One can also switch user via su command and then execute the desired command but sudo is much more secure than su. Commands (along with arguments) executed with sudo are logged in a file. For Red Hat distros, /var/log/secure saves all the logs and for debian based, its /var/log/auth.log.The file /etc/sudoers can be edited for configuring sudo and giving privileges to individual users or group of users.
Setting up sudoFor an individual userSyntax for allowing an individual user (here Ayush) is:ayush ALL=(ALL) ALL“ayush” here is username of the user you want to allow“ALL” specifies that sudo is accessible from all terminals“(ALL)” specifies all users“ALL” for all commandsFor a groupEntry in sudoers file goes like:%linuxstall ALL=(ALL) ALL“linuxstall” can be replaced by the name of group. Execute commands as rootOnce the sudoers file is all set, you can now execute commands as root. For an instance, mount command can only be executed by root, but things go well with sudo. Ayush@linuxstall:$ sudo vim /etc/groupBut, if you have opened the file as a normal user and wish to save but unable as only root can do that- sudo is your friend::w!sudo tee%Above command will the save the file for you as a root even when you didn’t use it while opening.
Sudo just doesn’t mind! SecurityIf a user is not listed in sudoers file and tries to use sudo, admin will be notified by making a log entry and user will get following error: is not in the sudoers file. This incident will be reported. Difference between Unix and LinuxWhen it comes to operating systems, Unix is the mother of operating systems. Members of rich Unix family are:. SVR4 (by AT&T). BSD 4.4 (by University of California).
HP-UX (Hewlett-Packard). Solaris (Sun Microsystems)Mostly, Linux is considered to be a copy of UNIX. Lets hear the actual story now. Linux was actually a late addition to the family. It was written by Linus Torvalds back in 1991 and it was meant for IBM computers.
As a matter of fact, in the world of operating systems, Linux has come up as a great operating system and it is welcomed with huge popularity. Commercial enterprise servers are running on Linux. Another cherry on the cake, Laptop and PC companies are also providing GNU Linux as a pre-installed OS on their systems so that individual users can also get a bite of it.An extensive brain storming confusion is if Linux a kernel or Operating System.
After some time, people just start ignoring this doubt as it never gets answered, well keep reading for the solution. What Linus Torvalds wrote was Linux kernel and it had a lot of features similar to UNIX one. Why it is confused with OS, actually commercially available distributions that provide graphical interface, compilers and other utilities along with Linux kernel are referred to as Linux Operating System.Linux is, as they say, a UNIX-like kernel, because it has ‘some’ common features but still there are areas where they are not same. Difference between Unix and Linux can be understood by going through following points.1. The difference in approach: There is a class of kernels that fall in Monolithic category, Monolithic ones are those which operate in one and only one process, they don’t have any other process for any kind of task. Another category is called Micro-kernel where core of the kernel is assigned one process while other processes are there for its side tasks like drivers, etc. Linux lies within Monolithic category with few exceptions in Micro-kernel.2.
Loadable kernel Modules: Unix systems are bound to have static links of new modules to be added or recently added. Linux differs here too, it supports new additions on the fly. For example, drivers can be loaded dynamically whenever they are needed. This feature is recognized as Loadable kernel Modules (LKM).
This feature enables us to add any component dynamically without arising the need of compiling the whole kernel again. Unloading can also be performed in similar fashion. This adds to the flexibility of Linux.3. Kernel threads: Kernel thread is an independent execution flow. It can be used to execute some user process or any kernel code.
Most of the UNIX-like systems constitute kernel thread sets. Threads always operate in same address space, so it is not expensive to perform context switching on kernel threads in comparison to processes- this explains why Unix-like systems have kernel threads. Kernel threads are used, on linux, to execute kernel code.4. Multi-threading: Multi-threaded applications are those which create multiple execution flows.
These flows are also known as threads and are light weight processes. Nowadays all operating systems have support for multi-threading.
Most of the UNIX-like operating systems LWP (read light weight process) are kernel thread based, while on the other hand Linux handles them a bit differently. In linux, LWP are created by calling the clone function which leads to creation of separate processes. Same task can also be carried out with fork function but clone lets recently created processes share their memory, address space etc. Their working in shared environment gave them a name “threads”. Hence, multi-threading is supported by both of them but they differ in internal handling of it.5.
Preemption and non-preemption: We have a category of kernels which are able to pre-empt currently executing process and hence we call the preemptive kernels. Processes are run on a priority basis. If currently executing process is a low-priority one and a high-priority one process comes up, it can interrupt the current process and start executing itself. Non-preemptive kernels are those which don’t forcibly interrupt the current process even if a high-priority process has to wait. Linux based operating systems are non-preemptive while UNIX systems are fully preemptive. Linux based Realtime operating systems are found to be fully-preemptive.Bottom line, despite taking the basic idea from UNIX it still differs in some aspects because it has inherited a lot from it and will always be considered a part of Unix family.
Install rpm on ubuntuUbuntu users are used to using Synaptic for their software needs and the other user chunk has apt-get via command line. But Ubuntu users don’t have to be sad for those packages which are still distributed in RPM format.
Installation of RPM packages can be checked.If an Ubuntu user wishes to install a RPM package, a utility is created for this purpose and is called Alien. This doesn’t guarantees that the package will work, its actually a software that converts format of the package. In order to install Alien some prerequisite software are also required including gcc and make.To install Alien utility, following code should be executed:sudo apt-get install alien dpkg-dev debhelper build-essential CONVERTING RPM TO DEBIANFor performing conversion, run the following command:sudo alien SomePackage.rpmTo continue with the installation, dpkg tool can be used as follows.sudo dpkg -i SomePackage.deb.
And I still haven't managed to give away all those 6.06 CDs I got from ShipIt! That's OK becauseA) 6.06 is the long term support (LTS) release, meaning that it will be good for a couple years to comeB) After the last upgrade fiasco, the Ubuntu devs are putting special care to make sure the update tool works this time, so people can just install 6.06 and then use the update manager to update to 7.04 if they decide they want it.C) They won't ship CDs of another release until the next LTS release, so there won't be any 7.04 CDs either. B) After the last upgrade fiasco, the Ubuntu devs are putting special care to make sure the update tool works this timeGreat, can they fix what they broke during my last upgrade? I haven't been able to get to my /home directory in months. At least I recovered from the upgrade before that; with the help of a Unix guru.
Considering that I've had major problems with Ubuntu upgrades (one from Breezy to Dapper, the other a minor upgrade), I don't trust them at all. I see your thread:ubuntuforums.orgThat is why I always suggest people not to upgrade unless they have a specific reason to; if what you have works the way you want it to, run with it.My best recommendation would to do a new install. That would (obviously) be faster than trying to fix the set up as it is now. If I were you, I would put the entire OS including /home (maybe partition so that you have 9gig to /, 1 gig swap, 10 gig /home) on your first drive (20 gig should be more than enough), and then during the install/partitioning step just mount the other HD in /media/storage and keep all your big files (movies and such) there. I'm on the Ubuntuforums if I can help you more just drop me a private message.
It might take me a couple days but I'll answer. You guys are scaring me. I'm in the process of putting a system together for UbuntuStudio (when it comes out) and now I'm hearing you saying stuff's broken. What's up with that?I'm dedicated to making an earnest effort with Linux for professional audio/video production. I don't want to be hearing about typos in config files and such.Look, I can still use the case, mobo, drives and memory I've gotten for this UbuntuStudio project for something else.
Will someone here please tell me if I'm wasting my time or not? I don't expect installing and configuring Linux to be as easy as OSX, but I need to know whether this thing is ready for prime time, or at least ready to use as a secondary platform for audio.Is there anyplace I can find all these little problems I'm going to have to deal with to get Ubuntu to work? Or will these things even matter? I would like dual-monitor support, by the way. Do I stay or do I go? Can you actually sell ubuntu CDs that you download?You can sell GPL'd binaries, so long as you provide source code as well.That can mean you wait for someone to ask, then you ship them a CD of the source code for $2, or you can make it easy and just include source code on the CD, or on another separate CD along with the binary CD.Distros usually make it easy, by providing ISOs or packages of the source code for download. Fortunately for you, Ubuntu is no different: ubuntu.comIMHO, Open Source on Windows isn't going to get much traction because of this.
The GPL requires you provide source with your binaries, but most GPL'd Windows projects don't provide a source package. Only binaries, and you have to go upstream, or look around for CVS/SVN instructions to create your own snapshot.
Whether it's ClamWin, Cygwin, cdrdao, or most anything else, you've got lots of work to do to find the source code. Still a long way to go in terms of usability.
A friend of mine recently installed 6.10 for the first time. He's basically never used Linux before. I briefly explained how to use Synaptic. He got the hang of things for a while, but then he interrupted a dpkg process when Synaptic was running by hitting the power button.
I have no idea why he did this, but you probably know what happened.he tried to run Synaptic later on and it said 'you have to run dpkg update -a to fix these errors!' Or something along those lines. Big mistake number one: it told the user to type in commands at the shell.
Big mistake number two: it didn't tell him to use sudo.He was immediately stuck. He even figured out how to access the shell, but he didn't understand why it kept saying that he needed superuser privileges to continue. The problem with these kinds of things is that if even one little glitch happens like this, the user gets stuck and then usually gives up and goes back to Windows.
It has to be perfect. It has to be flawless. Or else it won't attract brand new users. Ever gotten the error message about the registry size being too smallNo, I can honestly say in all my time of using windows computers, and working on them(far to many MSPC's to count) I have never seen that message. For the most part Windows isn't that bad, and I find it a lot more polished, and easier to use that Ubuntu that's for sure.I use Ubuntu, exclusively at home now, I have been for a year. I get caught on snags in it EVERYWHERE.
For some reason every so often after logging in it doesn't detect mouse clicks, unless I reboot. Synaptic is buggy I still have 'pending u.
Come on.If you think it MIGHT be your hardware, look into that. It's possible (I'd give it 60/40) that it's your hardware or something outside of the OS's control. I once (back in the day) installed ECC memory into a box that clearly was non-ECC. That was an interesting couple of days before I realized why things were crashing inconsistently.Run Memtest - heck, it's right on your Ubuntu boot cd! If that shows no errors for a pass or two, find something that's CPU intensive and run it for. He tried to run Synaptic later on and it said 'you have to run dpkg update -a to fix these errors!' Or something along those lines.
Big mistake number one: it told the user to type in commands at the shell. Big mistake number two: it didn't tell him to use sudo.The thing is, everyone knows someone who's pretty good with Windows and can help them with their problems.
Five minutes with Google usually does the trick.When I put dpkg superuser Ubuntu into Google and hit 'I'm feeling lucky', it took me straight to ubuntuforums.org where somebody had exactly the same problem and was shown exactly what to do, with a link to a tutorial as well.How is 'five minutes with Google' not enough in the Ubuntu case? Its not really a long way to go. Ubuntu has already gotten way more usable and intuitive than Windows is or ever will be (try walking a noob though a registry edit). The thing is there is a double standard when it comes to linux, and that is that it needs to be perfect. Linux is and always be a work in progress, allways changing to incorporate the newest and greatest thing.
This will always leave some little quarks in some of the process. It probably should have just put sudo in front in the error message. It has to be perfect. It has to be flawless.That better not be true, because it's impossible. But we know that it it isn't true - Mac OS X and Windows Vista are far from flawless, and yet people still manage to muddle their way through using those systems. In fact, lots of people manage to use Ubuntu right now even with a couple of bugs.The fact that it neither recovers in that situation nor gives the 'correct' command to recover is legitimately a serious problem - I hope you filed a bug on it - but it shouldn't seriously prevent anyone from being able to use the system. Pasting any chunk of the error message into google gives the answer, as does asking anyone who knows anything about Ubuntu directly.Switching to any different operating system will be non-trivial, unless someone else is administering it.
There's no way around that, however much people trying to switch to various Linux distros demand that it not be so. Ubuntu is well beyond the point where anyone can easily use it if they are willing to slog through the difficulties of learning the basics of a new system - and no new system can ever be significantly better than that. You're both right. It needs to be better and it can't be perfect.Here's my take on the particular situation the OP brought up.1.
Telling the user about the problem1A. It can detect the problem well enough to tell the user what needs to be done. So why doesn't it just ask if it is ok to do that and then do it itself so the user doesn't have to figure out how to type in a command.1B.
If 1A is too much work then at least tell the user 'you will need to type this in a window; you get the window by.' Telling the user about privilege2A.
It should, tell the user his account doesn't have the privilege necessary.2B. It should tell the user in words a newbie is most likely to understand, not 'you need to be superuser' or something similar but 'you will need administrator privileges to do this; here is how you can get them for the purpose of running this command'. Administrator is a plain English word whose plain English meaning is exactly right for this context.I know, it is a PITA to explain every last thing to newbies, but if you aren't willing to put the effort in to do that then you will never win over new users.
They will hit something like this, throw their hands up in the air and go back to something more familiar - whatever that is. That's human nature, it isn't going to change, you have two choices: get used to it and work around it or give up. That's all there is to it. It can detect the problem well enough to tell the user what needs to be done.
So why doesn't it just ask if it is ok to do that and then do it itself so the user doesn't have to figure out how to type in a commandThat is something I have always wondered about Synaptic and the dpkg -i??' Xxasdf issue, he tells.me. to do it, and it is the first thing to try. Why dont it just.do it.
It is not for security reasons (it already has the gksudo credentials)! Just fucking do it!, if it does not fix the. That's a fairly obscure situation, and so can hardly be used for generalising the state of Ubuntu's useability overall.
Nonetheless, the issue itself is an important one (especially the lacking sudo instruction). Now that you've witnessed it you'd do well to register a bug report. Better still, teach your friend how to do it and why it's important.Problems like these don't wilt and die on their own. They have to be noticed, you have to point the torch at such things and tell other people to come and hav. What is grandma doing that the default install and automatic updates of Ubuntu are not sufficient for her?She needs the latest Xorg code? She wants to be on the bleeding edge of compositing managers? She's just dying to try out some new bayesian spam filters in her Postfix install?
She hates postfix and called you because she's having a bitch of a time installing Qmail? She can't quite get Wow running under wine?I have a dapper install at home and aside from xorg.conf or smb.conf, i find the bui. The updates are NOT always perfect.If you've used EasyUbuntu or something like that, you may have problems.If you're not sure of your comfort level with fixing something like that (or if you depend upon a wireless NIC for connectivity) then you should just go with a clean install.People with more experience will be able to identify possible problems BEFORE upgrading and also be able to handle them AFTER the upgrade.I've had no problems but then I use an old NIC and I have a decent amount of Linux experience. I did a dist-upgrade from edgy to feisty about three days ago.
Nothing has gone downhill and things have only gotten better. I have had a few problems, though I write them off as transitional issues. After all, it was pre-beta software.My biggest problem has been with the nvidia kernel module. For those who don't know, you can make sure this is installed properly by doing:sudo aptitude install linux-restricted-modules-`uname -r` nvidia-glxThis is all well and good but for some reason the nvidia kernel module was just randomly disappearing! I ended up using module-assistant (sudo it) to build my own nvidia module, which worked great, and got everything working again.There is a new restricted module manager which explicitly informs you that you are using restricted modules, which may not be supported. The system may have made it easy for you to install binary drivers, but it makes damned sure that you know you're using them and what the downside is.The network-manager gains zeroconf support in this release, but there's still no WPA options in the network-manager. I thought that was coming in this release?
I have network-manager-gnome installed, but it doesn't look anything like chadda.se. So I don't know WTF is going on.
And I'm in the middle of installing a bunch of packages so I can't find out at this moment, either. The default driver may not support WPA, I wouldn't know, but my network-manager applet still is a pale ghost of what I'm seeing in screenshots.In general, what most beta users of Feisty are going to notice in comparison to Edgy is graphical. Various theme elements have changed slightly. The biggest change, of course, is the official inclusion of binary drivers, which is much easier to get working. You won't need envy to get those nvidia drivers working any more (assuming you were unable or unwilling to do the install manually, envy seems to have been the most common way to install 'em.) Envy, of course, does not support Feisty.Early adopters will note that EasyUbuntu and Automatix both still lack Feisty support. Way to test and be ahead of the curve, guys. But of course that's not Ubuntu's fault.This is a lot less painless than my last experience, attempting to upgrade a somewhat tweaked dapper to edgy.
This system is no less tweaked, but the dist-upgrade went fine. The network-manager gains zeroconf support in this release, but there's still no WPA options in the network-manager. I thought that was coming in this release?
I have network-manager-gnome installed, but it doesn't look anything like this.Hmmm, not sure what you mean by this because zeroconf isn't related to network-manager as far as I know. Anyway, your network-manager applet should look just like your screenshot. Are you sure you are running the applet? Type nm-applet at the terminal. Ubuntu ships another wireless applet with the same icon, but it isn't the network-manager applet.
So make sure you are actually running the network-manager applet. And WPA configuration has been there for at least a year, so you should be able to see it unless there are driver issues with your wireless card. Today, more and more people opt in for using home RAID arrays, primarily from free chipset controllers that implement RAID 0,1, (5) capabilities in software. It is free performance upgrade for anybody with more than one hard drive.For long time, no Linux distro would support this 'winRAID'. Then dmraid project was created at RedHat, and soon after, Fedora Core 5,6, SUSE 10.2, and RHEL 5 have installer support for it.Last I've heard that future Ubuntu releases will contain support for dmraid. Does anybody can verify that is the case, that is Ubuntu 7.04 can be installed on RAID0 device created on onboard RAID controller? This Ubuntu release 7.04 boots faster and is snappier than the previous 6.10.
It no longer requires prelinking to increase speed.From the ubuntu forums:'UPDATE 1/2/07: Prelink is no longer necessary in Feisty. Feisty uses a new linking mechanism called DTGNUHASH which dramatically speeds up the linking process without the need for continuously running the prelink program.' Another great improvement is hardware (esp. Wireless and graphics) support.Now thats progress, each release faster and better than the last. Two weeks ago, one of my friends called me. His in-laws were visiting them.
Since they are Turkish, they will stay like 6 months with their daughter in US. In order to pass time, they often visit the local library to use internet and read Turkish newspapers.Now my friend found an old computer from his company (Pentium III, 750 Mhz, 20GB harddisk) that had Windows 2000 and thought that could save his in-laws a trip to the library. He connected it to his brand new cable connection (without any router). I had warned him earlier that he should at least install a firewall before connecting it to the internet. Of course he didn't listen me and it was the next day after the first run that he called me. Guess what, the computer started showing spam messages (I think that was the messanger bug), so he run an old antivirus program all day and couldn't find anything (the program never finished actually).Now, he was wondering how he can fix the problem. I said either use a free anti virus or let me install linux.
Since he wanted to test drive Linux he opted for it. So we made a deal, his in-laws were going to prepare delicious Turkish food, and meanwhile I was going to install Kubuntu 6.10.At the beginning, the boot started fine. However, as soon as X11 started the screen went dark. I waited 15 minutes or so since that was the first time I was using Kubuntu 6.10 installer and I thought the machine was doing something. But it turned out that I had downloaded live cd (which had the installer). So spent an hour or so trying a few times, and trying install without going to the live system.
I should have read little more, since apparently live cd doesn't have the regular installation options I was expecting to see (they had another CD for that). Anyway, after an hour or so, I had my euroka moment when I pressed Cltr-Alt-F1. Wholla, text console was there. Now, at least I knew machine was up but X11 had problems. So I changed X11 configuration on the live system to vesa and X started working. With the main bottleneck solved, I quickly started installation.
The installer was kind enough to ask even if I want to create a partition for windows and let it stay there. My friend just said remove everything, so I just go and selected a few options and the machine was ready in 10 minutes or so. However, when it booted the next time from the hard-drive, it was again X11 with problems so I just modified xconfig file to switch it back to vesa driver. Now, I had a working machine with 800x600 resolution. A quick internet search showed me that the Matrox G250 driver that comes with the driver had a bug. So ubuntu forums had a discussion where somebody recompiled bug-free debian driver for matrox. After installing that, I had 1600x1200 resolution without any problem.
Next hour spent on eye-candies. I installed firefox, created bookmarks to the Turkish newspapers, created some bookmarks to in-laws mail providers etc, added some weather and add blocking extensions. I also changed to KDE and Firefox themes to noia (to their dismay, since initially they wanted to have familiar XP interface which my heart didn't let me do it. I complained so much that they let me use Noia:)).Anyway, to make the long story short, the only think they wanted out-of box was Internet Explorer since some sites explicitly required it and Acrobat Reader. It didn't took very long to install IE (thanks to IEs4Linux) and Adobe already had acroread ready. My friend's wife needed an office program, so the obvious choice was OpenOffice. The final step was the installation of Flash.
I also showed them how to use Adept so that they can install whatever they want very easily, and just added a button to kill firefox or IE, in case they had problems.Since then they are very happy with their system. My main concern which was running KDE on Pentium 3 750Mhz machine with 256MB ram was unfounded. The system is very responsive. I was wondering how long it would stay without crashing, and asked them to let the compute. I just installed one of the betas on my old Toshiba Satellite laptop, and everything works perfectly for me. In fact an odd finding is that I get BETTER reception with my wi-fi card than when it was running Windows XP.My feelings on the current releases of Ubuntu is that it is getting VERY close to making Linux a potential alternative for average Windows users.
The only shortcoming that still exists is that installing applications that are not distributed through Ubuntu is still confusing for 'normal' folks (ie. People who have no background with Linux). It would be nice if Linux would adapt a single universal installer for all Linux apps - that would bring Linux a lot of people.Anyways, keep your eyes on this release - it is nice:D. I'm quite new to Linux, but decided to try out Ubuntu. I'm using Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy). I dual boot, and have been for about a year now because I have to use Windows mainly, for school.I found the ubuntu forums to be very helpful, and I also found the ubuntu guide (www.ubuntuguide.org) to be extremely helpful for the basic things that a new user would run into.As noted in these comments, you will need to get to know the console (command line) more so than needed in Windows. However, I have now found that I prefer it for many things.
The other thing you'll need to get used to is not having root user privileges for everything you do, meaning if you want to do something not mundane (and sometimes even mundane things), you'll need to give yourself root privileges for that action (which in ubuntu is most easily done by typing 'sudo' in the console before your command).I feel like I've become real familiar with how everything works by trying to add fancy things to the user interface (like a rotating cube desktop). Working on those fancy things, which is sometimes difficult (but easier now than it used to be) gave me the understanding I need such that doing all the basic stuff is now absolutely no problem. The forums and Ubuntu guide got me there.I will note, though, it is not like windows. It can't be-you just can't have it be as secure as Ubuntu and as easy to use as Windows (I'm sure that's why Windows is so hole-ridden; it was all in the name of useability). On the other hand, Linux really is a lot easier to use than it used to be, has good support, and can do things Windows can't (I really think my rotating cube desktop is awesome). If not, just stop. I don't care WHY not.
I don't care about whining about the genetic licensing purity of an operating system. If it doesn't work, completely, out of the box, then this is of no use at all. OK, I'll even give it a pass on the 'out of the box' thing and say this.
It's gotta work with no more than 1 trip to NVidia.com to get the latest driver package. Which is all it takes to get working under Windows. I hold every operating system to that VERY LOW standard. It's a low bar to meet.
As for windows? Started up at 640x480, and, get this, DIDN'T HAVE DRIVERS FOR MY ETHERNET CARD. Microsoft is really going to have to work on this shit if they're going to make any progress in the desktop arena.
If they can't get this right, just stop, I don't want to here your whiny MS-zealot crap, I don't have time for it.Thank you. That's basically the whole story right there. If we're going to compare install experiences for operating systems, Ubuntu crushes Windows into the ground all day long.